HomeMy WebLinkAboutUG FASTITE JOINT PIPE - 23-00006 - Hibbard Elemenatry - Fire Sprinkler2-6
AMERICAN Fastite Joint Pipe in sizes 4”-
64” for water, sewage or other liquids has the
proven long-life and high-strength qualities
inherent in pipe produced centrifugally in
accordance with AWWA C151. In addition,
this significant AMERICAN development, a
dependable, single gasket, push-on type joint
meeting the requirements of AWWA C111,
affords the customer lower joint cost and
time-saving advantages in installation. It pro-
vides exceptional strength and flexibility and
has been widely accepted by engineers, con-
tractors and utility officials since the 1950s. For
added flexibility during construction, and for
possible elimination of bends, a liberal 5°
allowable deflection is standard in all sizes
through 30”, offering 21” offset in a 20’
length of pipe. Liberal deflection can also be
provided in larger diameter pipe with standard
and Special Fastite Deflection Bells.
The patented AMERICAN Fastite Joint
embodies many advanced design features and
is rated for a water working pressure of 350 psi.
For specific conditions, ductile iron piping with
this joint has been approved for much higher
pressure conditions. The socket, which is scien-
tifically designed with two gasket recesses and a
dividing buttress, is manufactured to close toler-
ances so that the gasket is self-centered, securely
confined, and firmly compressed for a perma-
nent, tight, trouble-free joint. The Fastite joint
seal, bubble-tight under vacuum and external
pressure, becomes even tighter with the appli-
cation of internal pressure due to a specially
designed wedging surface in the socket.
Fastite Joint Assembly
The bell opening is slightly tapered to
provide easy entry of the pipe end; the flared
socket design permits liberal joint deflection.
The plain end of the pipe is tapered or rounded
to facilitate entry into the bell and self-centering
in the gasket. On pipe cut in the field, the
plain end can be easily beveled and smoothed
by the use of a portable grinding wheel or
other suitable apparatus. Methods of cutting
ductile iron pipe are described in Section 3.
A stripe is painted on the plain end of
AMERICAN Fastite Joint Pipe to provide a
visual means of checking the joint alignment
and to assure proper insertion. See page 2-10
for detailed assembly instructions.
Fastite Gasket
The Fastite Joint sealing component—a
molded synthetic rubber ring gasket of two
hardnesses, shaped to fit the configuration of
the gasket socket—is manufactured per all
requirements of ANSI/AWWA C111/A21.11
and under AMERICAN’s own rigid specifica-
tions, assuring closely controlled dimensional
and hardness properties. The smaller end of
the gasket is of harder rubber, approximately
85 durometer hardness, which provides a
strong shoulder for self-centering on the gas-
ket buttress, a permanent seal against cold
flow, and protection from deterioration. The
larger end of the gasket is of softer rubber,
approximately 65 durometer hardness, provid-
ing ease of assembly and positive sealing. The
design assures effective sealing at low or high
pressures and in straight or deflected joint
alignment. It also eliminates any concerns of
infiltration or root intrusion, and assures posi-
tive sealing against negative pressure, thus
preventing gasket “pullout” should a vacuum
be created in the line.
A taper on the inside of the gasket allows
the entering pipe to locate and center on the
hard section and reduces friction loads during
AMERICAN Fastite®Joint Pipe
For Water, Sewage or Other Liquids
2-7
subsequent assembly. The snug fit and the
hard section of the gasket, in conjunction with
the design of the buttress, act to restrain the
gasket against dislodgment during assembly.
Additional internal pressure results in increased
tightness of the seal when pipe is either in
straight alignment or deflected.
Gaskets made of SBR (Styrene Butadiene
Rubber) are standard. For information on gas-
kets made of special types of rubber, for
applications involving air or liquid tempera-
tures in excess of 150°F, or for chemical,
hydrocarbon or other special service applica-
tions, and for installations in contaminated
soils where permeation through gaskets might
be a concern, consult AMERICAN for recom-
mendations. See Table 2-1.
Fastite Lubricant
AMERICAN Fastite Joint Lubricant is a
non-toxic water soluble material imparting nei-
ther taste nor odor to the conveyed water and is
ANSI/NSF 61 approved. The lubricant is suitable
for use in hot or cold weather and will adhere to
wet or dry pipe. AMERICAN Fastite Joint Pipe
can be assembled when submerged, though for
such installation, special AMERICAN underwater
joint lubricant is recommended. See Table No.
2-5 for appropriate lubricant quantities.
Fastite Joint Materials
Standard joint materials include Fastite
plain rubber gaskets and a sufficient supply of
Fastite joint lubricant. Fastite pipes are most
often readily joined with available excavating
equipment; however, assembly tools can be
supplied by AMERICAN on a loan basis with a
nominal deposit which is refundable upon
return of tools in good condition.
Fittings
AMERICAN Fastite or Flex-Ring fittings and
AMERICAN Mechanical Joint Fittings are used
with Fastite Joint pipe. See Sections 4 and 5.
Coating and Lining
AMERICAN Fastite Joint Pipe can be fur-
nished asphaltic coated, cement lined, or with
special coating or lining where required. See
Section 11.
Fastite Gaskets
Plain Rubber Styrene Butadiene 150°F 150°F Fresh Water, Salt Water,
Copolymer(SBR)Sanitary Sewage
Plain Rubber Styrene Butadiene 150°F 150°F Electrical continuity for thawing
(conductive) Copolymer(SBR)of Service Water and Sewage
EPDM Ethylene Propylene 212°F 200°F Water, Sewage, Ketones,
Diene Monomer Dilute Acids and Alkalies,
Vegetable Oil, Alcohols, Air
Neoprene Polychloroprene(CR) 200°F 180°F Fresh Water, Sewage
Nitrile Acrylonitrile 150°F 150°F Non-Aromatic Hydrocarbons,
Buna-N Butadiene(NBR)Petroleum Oil, Hydraulic Fluids,
Fuel Oil, Fats, Oil, Grease†
Fluoroelastomer FKM 212°F 300°F Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Gasoline,
Fluorel Refined Petroleum Products, most
Viton®***Chemicals and Solvents, High Temp.,
Air (Least permeable of all available
Fastite gasket rubbers)
Table No. 2-1
Common Name
or Trade Name*Chemical Name
Maximum Service
Temperature**
Water & Sewer Air
Common Uses
*AMERICAN reserves the right to furnish any Trade or Brand rubber for the chemical formulation specified.
**Temperature is in reference to conveyed fluid. Lubricating oil in air can adversely affect SBR and EPDM performance.
SBR, Nitrile and Neoprene are not recommended for hot air exposure in wastewater treatment systems.
***Viton® is a registered trademark of DuPont Dow Elastomers.
Refer to Section 11 for temperature and service capabilities of pipe linings.
Refer higher temperatures or other special requirements to AMERICAN for recommendations regarding suitable gasket material.
†This gasket rubber is chemically resistant in the non-potable water uses shown but is not as resistant to permeation in potable
water applications as FKM.
All Fastite gaskets made from the materials in the above table are suitable for use with water containing normal concentrations of
chloramine. Where increased resistance to chloramine is desired, neoprene or fluoroelastomer materials should be considered.
2-8
*Dimensions subject to change at our option. Check AMERICAN if exact dimensions required.
See Section 3 for additional information on ductile iron pipe.
See Sections 4 and 7 for information on Fastite fittings.
AMERICAN Fastite®Joint
for Ductile Iron Pipe
ANSI/AWWA C111/A21.11
Standard Dimensions
LAYING LENGTHD
F* A
Table No. 2-2
16 20 6.90 3.38 8.60
18 20 9.05 3.75 11.16
10 20 11.10 3.75 13.25
12 20 13.20 3.75 15.22
14 20 15.30 5.23 17.73
16 20 17.40 5.23 19.86
18 20 19.50 5.50 22.16
24 20 25.80 5.50 28.50
30 20 32.00 6.50 34.95
36 20 38.30 6.50 41.37
42 20 44.50 7.50 48.27
48 20 50.80 8.00 54.71
54 20 57.56 8.50 61.65
60 20 61.61 8.75 65.80
64 20 65.67 9.00 70.04
Size
in.
Nominal
Laying Length
ft.A
Outside Diameter
D
Depth of Socket
F*
Bell O.D.
Dimensions in Inches
14 18 4.80 3.31 6.40
20 20 21.60 5.50 24.28
2-9
Table No. 2-4
4 3⁄8
6
9⁄16
8 3⁄4
10 15⁄16
12 11⁄8
14 15⁄16
16 11⁄2
18 15⁄8
24 21⁄4
30 23⁄4
36 25⁄8
42 21⁄4
48 21⁄2
54 27⁄8
60 31⁄8
64 33⁄8
20 17⁄8
S Separation
in.
*Approximate radius of curve produced by a succession of nominal lengths of pipe fully deflected.
†Special Deflection Bells must be specifically ordered and will be marked with white bell face for easy identification.
For easiest assembly, the joints should be assembled with the pipe in reasonably straight alignment. After joint
assembly, the pipe may be deflected up to the maximum shown above. Offset distances are based on 20' lengths.
AMERICAN Fastite®Joint Pipe
Allowable Joint Deflection
XY
Table No. 2-3
14 18 19 5° 206 - - -
16 20 21 5° 230 - - -
18 20 21 5° 230 - - -
10 20 21 5° 230 - - -
12 20 21 5° 230 - - -
14 20 21 5° 230 - - -
16 20 21 5° 230 - - -
18 20 21 5° 230 - - -
20 20 21 5° 230 - - -
24 20 21 5° 230 - - -
30 20 21 5° 230 - - -
36 20 17 4° 285 21 5° 230
42 20 12 3° 380 21 5° 230
48 20 12 3° 380 17 4° 285
54 20 12 3° 380 17 4° 285
60 20 12 3° 380 17 4° 285
64 20 12 3° 380 17 4° 285
Maximum Allowable Separation
Size
in.
R
Y
20' Nom
i
n
a
l
Laying L
e
n
g
t
h
[[[[[R = Radius of Curve (ft.)
Y = Deflection Angle (degrees)
Radius of Curve =
Nominal Laying Length
2 x Tangent (Y 2)Maximum Allowable Separation, “S”, in Standard Bell pipe is
approximately equal to the median pipe diameter in inches
times the sine of the deflection angle. This is provided for
information only and should not be used to determine precise
joint deflection.
Size
in.
Nominal
Laying
Length
ft.
X
Offset per
Nominal
Length in.
Y
Deflection
Angle
Radius
of
Curve*
ft.
X
Offset per
Nominal
Length in.
Y
Deflection
Angle
Radius
of
Curve*
ft.
Maximum Recommended Deflection†
Standard Bell Special Deflection Bell
2 x Tangent (Y ÷ 2)
S
D-t
t
2-10
The AMERICAN Fastite Joint is a push-
on type joint meeting all the rigorous
requirements of AWWA C111. The
ANSI/AWWA C600 Standard covers in
detail the installation of ductile iron water
mains, including assembly instructions for
push-on joint pipe.
Field-cutting of AMERICAN Ductile Iron
Pipe can be easily performed, thus eliminat-
ing the necessity for factory-made special
lengths of Fastite pipe. The plain end of
Fastite pipe cut in the field requires little or
no preparation for assembly into the socket
of a mechanical joint fitting. Where a cut
pipe is to be assembled into a Fastite socket,
the required beveling or rounding of the
plain end can be easily accomplished by the
use of a portable grinding wheel or other
suitable apparatus. Methods of cutting duc-
tile iron pipe are described in Section 3.
The AMERICAN Fastite Joint requires
only one joint component, the rubber gas-
ket*, which when properly installed, fits snug-
ly in the gasket recess in the bell socket. A
special lubricant supplied with the pipe is
applied to the plain end and the inside surface
of the gasket before assembly. The pipe end
is tapered or rounded to provide self-centering
of the plain end in the gasket and ease of
assembly. A circumferential stripe on the plain
end provides a visual indication for checking
the proper insertion of the joint. The stripe,
shown in the photographs illustrating assem-
bly methods, passes fully into the bell when
the plain end is fully inserted into the socket
with the two lengths of pipe in straight
alignment. Joints can then be safely deflected
up to the extent shown in Table No. 2-3. In
deflected joints, the stripe will typically be visi-
ble to some extent after assembly.
Easier assembly is effected if the pipe is
suspended an inch or so off the bottom of
the trench during the jointing operation.
The following instructions should be fol-
lowed in order to properly assemble the joints
and to fully realize the maximum speed and
ease of assembly of the Fastite Joint:
1. Clean socket and plain end thoroughly,
removing mud, gravel, or any other matter
that might cause the front of the gasket to
protrude into the path of the entering spigot.
2. Insert gasket fully into the gasket recess
of the socket, large end of the gasket entering
first. Gasket may be installed with one or two
V-shaped folds as shown (Photo 1). After the
gasket is in place at the bottom, the top of the
gasket is positioned fully into the gasket recess.
Gaskets and lubricant to be installed in very
cold weather should be warmed first (as by
storage in a heated equipment cab or pick-up,
etc.) for optimum assembly.
3. Apply a thin film of regular AMERI-
CAN Fastite Joint Lubricant to the rounded or
tapered spigot end of the pipe, the immedi-
ate outside pipe surface between the stripe
and the nose of the pipe (Photo 2), and also
to the inside surface of the gasket. Special
AMERICAN Fastite Joint Lubricant intended
specifically for underwater or very wet instal-
lations can be supplied when requested.
AMERICAN Fastite®Joint Pipe
Assembly Instructions
Photo 1 Photo 2
*Gaskets not used immediately should be stored in a cool location, out of direct sunlight.
2-11
Caution:If a spigot end contacts the
ground or trench side after lubrication, any
adhering dirt or rocks should be cleaned off
and the area re-lubricated prior to assembly.
4. Insert the plain end in the socket. For
optimum assembly it is preferable that the
entering pipe be in reasonably straight align-
ment; however, the Fastite Joint may be
assembled if necessary with the pipe deflect-
ed within its rated deflection. (Exception: If
Fast-Grip gaskets are being used, straight
alignment must be maintained.) Push the
plain end into the socket using any of the
applicable assembly methods described
hereinafter. If the joint cannot be assembled
with a moderate force, remove the pipe and
check for the cause of the difficulty, such as
improper positioning of gasket, insufficient
or wrong type lubricant, dirt under or behind
the gasket, dirt adhering to the pipe, or any
other cause which would result in obstruc-
tion or increased friction between pipe end
and gasket surface. For assurance of proper
assembly, a thin automotive, blade-type
feeler gauge can also be used if desired for
quick and easy probe confirmation of cor-
rectly installed axial gasket position around
the joint.
5. “Backwards” installation. AMERICAN
does not recommend “backward laying”
(bells assembled over spigots, rather than
spigots inserted into bells as pictured in this
literature) of large-diameter ductile iron pipe
in buried installations. AMERICAN can furnish
bell and plain end fittings to minimize the
need for backward pipe laying. Other
devices such as sleeves and couplings may
also be employed for this reason. However,
if this condition cannot be avoided, we
strongly recommend that installers contact
AMERICAN for instructions on how to reduce
the potential for problems that could occur
when assembling pipe in this manner.
In general, Fastite joints or other Fastite
gasketed pipes may be readily pushed or
pulled together without the need for com-
plicated tools or substantial manpower. This
is most often accomplished with the proce-
dures discussed on page 2-14. In general,
the joints of AMERICAN push-on pipes are
purposefully “tight,” and most joints require
an assembly force of about 100 to 200
pounds or more of assembly force per inch
of pipe diameter (i.e. a 12" joint might
require about 12 x 100 or 1,200 pounds of
assembly force).
In pulling operations, simply wrap a
sound wire rope choker cable or nylon sling
around the barrel of the entering pipe.
Secure the thimble eye or other end loop of
the choker to a suitably anchored pulling
device (e.g. backhoe, come-along, etc.).
Use the mechanism to pull the cable taut in
the assembly direction (Photo 3). Continue
pulling the cable in a smooth, continuous
motion until the joint is in the fully assembled
position. If desired for special conditions,
AMERICAN can furnish suitable, simple
come-alongs and choker cables for man-
Photo 3
AMERICAN Pipe Assembly Mechanisms
2-12
power assembly of most 4"-24"pipes (See
Figure 1 and specify pipe sizes involved).
The joints may normally be disassem-
bled in a similar manner, reversing the
direction of the pull with the choker cable
(Photo 4). It is also sometimes helpful to
use rebating or wiggling deflection to aid in
the disassembly of push-on joint pipes, par-
ticularly when pipes have been installed for
some time prior to removal.
30"-64" Pipe
Large pipes are most often readily
pushed or pulled together with heavy exca-
vating/earthmoving equipment available on-
site (see page 2-14). In cases where assembly
of pipes by manpower is desired, AMERICAN
can provide special assembly tools and rigging
which can be used for assembling most pipes
of all sizes (Photo 5). These tools consist of a
heavy-duty roller chain hoist, a steel pipe-end
hook and snatch block, and associated wire
rope and chain tackle (Photo 5) to attach all
the rigging together to effect “double line”
assembly from the top of the pipe (Photo 6).
The snatch block pulley and twin line rigging
approximately doubles the assembly force
from the strong come-
along, making possi-
ble the assembly of up
to 64" full-length pipe
joints from the top of
the pipe (Photo 7).
Fittings and Short
Pipes
Push-on fitting or
short pipe joint assembly is basically the same
as that of standard length pipe, though special
rigging may be necessary to hold these short
items reasonably stable for assembly. See also
Push-On Fittings Assembly Instructions in
Section 4.
Field Rounding
Occasionally, field rounding of pipe ends
may be necessary to accomplish assembly,
particularly when large-diameter pipes are cut
to be assembled into mechanical joints or
couplings. Need for rounding in assembly of
mechanical or stuffing-box-type joints can be
predetermined by a difficulty in sliding the
gland or end ring over the end of the pipe.
Rounding may be accomplished in the fol-
lowing manner using a mechanical jack and
shaped blocks. (Note: This procedure may
also be used with the assemblies involving
push-on joint pipe, fittings, valves, etc.; how-
ever, rounding is less frequently necessary for
assembly of push-on joints.)
Photo 5
Photo 6
Photo 7
Photo 4
Figure 1
2-13
AMERICAN Fastite®Joint Lubricant
Requirement by Size of Pipe
Table No. 2-5
14 .03 33
16 .045 22
18 .06 17
10 .07 14
12 .08 12
14 .09 11
16 .11 19
18 .12 18
20 .14 17
24 .17 16
30 .30 13
36 .36 13
42 .44 12
48 .50 12
54 .59 12
60 .66 11
64 .71 11
Pipe Size
in.
Approx. Pounds
of Lubricant
per Joint
Approx. No. of
Joints per Pound
of Lubricant
64" AMERICAN Fastite Joint pipe being
installed in a wastewater application.
Note: Field rounding operations should be
conducted without backfill on any part of
large-diameter pipes and prior to encasing
any part of pipe in concrete. If the inside of
the pipe cannot be accessed to remove jack-
ing materials, pipe ends can alternatively be
rounded using external clamping means.
1. Measure/determine the minimum
(minor) diameter of the ends to be rounded.
2. Place the jack and the shaped blocks
in line with the minor diameter as shown in
the attached sketch using a sound 4"x4"
spacer timber cut square to the required
length to take up the space.
3. Apply a load carefully with the jack
only until the “minimum diameter equals the
maximum diameter,” or until the gland will
easily slip over the end. No more jacking should
be attempted or necessary - DO NOT ATTEMPT
TO PERMANENTLY ROUND END.
4. After the joint is completely assem-
bled and the bolts (if involved) are uniformly
tightened to the required torque, carefully
relax and remove the jack and timbers from
the pipe.
SHAPED BLOCK
SHAPED BLOCK
4"x4" timber cut to
desired length. Use any
suitable timber available
from dunnage on car,
truck or other source.
2-14
Spade or Crowbar Method
This is applicable to the smaller sizes
of AMERICAN Fastite Joint Pipe, and con-
sists of centering the lubricated end of the
entering pipe in the gasket and then
pushing against the bell face of the enter-
ing pipe with a spade or crowbar driven
into the ground in front of the bell face.
This method requires the trench bottom
to be fairly firm soil. The method may not
be effective in a rocky trench or with a
trench that is soft, muddy or sandy. A
wooden block between the bell face and
the pry bar may increase the leverage.
Easier assembly is effected if the pipe is
suspended an inch or so off the bottom of
the trench.
Backhoe and Heavy Equipment
Methods
These methods are usually applicable
to the intermediate and larger sizes of
AMERICAN Fastite Joint Pipe where the
bar method might not be effective. It
consists of centering the end of the enter-
ing pipe in the gasket as the pipe to be
assembled is suspended from the back-
hoe. Then it can be pulled into the adjoin-
ing socket with the pipe sling by moving
the backhoe arm toward the previously
assembled pipe. In other instances, the
pipe may be assembled by placing the
backhoe or other earth mover bucket or
blade against the bell face of the entering
pipe and pushing it into the socket. When
pushing against the bell face, care should
be taken to avoid very small contact areas
and possible damage to the pipe bells or
spigots. Wood cushions between the
backhoe bucket and the pipe are particu-
larly effective in preventing damage.
AMERICAN Fastite®Joint
Common Assembly Methods
In seeking ways to take even greater advantage of the cost-reducing features of
the Fastite Joint, utility contractors have developed other methods of assembling this
joint without special tools. The following methods are described for the information of
the user, who may elect to use them at his discretion, keeping in mind that these meth-
ods may not be effective for all installations and under all field conditions.
Spade or Crowbar Method
Backhoe and Heavy Equipment Methods